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vue+element导入导出excel
来源：cnblogs　　作者：bugSource　　时间：2021/4/6 9:34:01　　对本文有异议

1. 业务场景

由前台导入Excel表格，获取批量数据。根据一个数组导出Excel表格。

2.1 引入工具库

  1. npm install -S file-saver xlsx
  2. npm install -D script-loader

2.2 引入JS文件(excel导出使用)

下载地址：https://github.com/xrkffgg/Ktools/tree/master/JS/002.Excel

将 Blob.js 和 Export2Excel.js 放入项目目录src的excel文件夹下

3.GitHub项目Demo地址

地址：https://github.com/Beingyo/vue-test-template/tree/main/src/page/excelOperation

示例：

4. Demo

  1. <template>
  2.   <div style="width: 100%">
  3.     <div style="width: 400px;height: 600px;background-color: #f2f2f2;margin: 0 auto">
  4.       <el-upload
  5.         class="upload-demo"
  6.         action=""
  7.         :on-change="handleChange"
  8.         :show-file-list="false"
  9.         accept="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet,application/vnd.ms-excel"
  10.         :auto-upload="false">
  11.         <el-button size="small" type="primary">点击上传</el-button>
  12.         <div slot="tip" class="el-upload__tip">只 能 上 传 xlsx / xls 文 件</div>
  13.       </el-upload>
  14.       <br><br><br><br>
  15.       <div>
  16.         <el-button @click="outExe">导出excel表格</el-button>
  17.       </div>
  18.     </div>
  19.   </div>
  20. </template>
  21. <script>
  22. // import Blob from '../excel/Blob.js'
  23. // import Export2Excel from '../excel/Export2Excel.js'
  24. export default {
  25.   data () {
  26.     return {
  27.       fileTemp: null,
  28.       outdata: [],
  29.       excelData: [],
  30.       dataList: [
  31.         {id: 1, name: '小白', code: '1', mobile: '13440000000', mail: '12580@qq.com', deptNames: '养老部', reasult: '就不给你成功'},
  32.         {id: 2, name: '小白', code: '', mobile: '13440000000', mail: '12580@qq.com', deptNames: '养老部', reasult: '没写编号'},
  33.         {id: 3, name: '小白', code: '1', mobile: '', mail: '12580@qq.com', deptNames: '养老部', reasult: '正常数据'},
  34.         {id: 4, name: '小白', code: '1', mobile: '13440000000', mail: '', deptNames: '养老部', reasult: '正常数据'}
  35.       ], // 请求回来的data
  36.     }
  37.   },
  38.   created () {
  39.   },
  40.   methods: {
  41.     handleChange (file, fileList) {
  42.       this.fileTemp = file.raw
  43.       if (this.fileTemp) {
  44.         if ((this.fileTemp.type === 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet') || (this.fileTemp.type === 'application/vnd.ms-excel')) {
  45.           this.importfxx()
  46.         } else {
  47.           this.$message({
  48.             type: 'error',
  49.             message: '附件格式错误，请删除后重新上传！'
  50.           })
  51.         }
  52.       } else {
  53.         this.$message({
  54.           type: 'warning',
  55.           message: '请上传附件！'
  56.         })
  57.       }
  58.     },
  59.     // 导入开始
  60.     importfxx () {
  61.       let _this = this
  62.       let inputDOM = this.$refs.inputer
  63.       // 通过DOM取文件数据
  64.       this.file = event.currentTarget.files[0]
  65.       var rABS = false // 是否将文件读取为二进制字符串
  66.       var f = this.file
  67.       var reader = new FileReader()
  68.       // if (!FileReader.prototype.readAsBinaryString) {
  69.       FileReader.prototype.readAsBinaryString = function (f) {
  70.         var binary = ''
  71.         var rABS = false // 是否将文件读取为二进制字符串
  72.         var pt = this
  73.         var wb // 读取完成的数据
  74.         var outdata
  75.         var reader = new FileReader()
  76.         reader.onload = function (e) {
  77.           var bytes = new Uint8Array(reader.result)
  78.           var length = bytes.byteLength
  79.           for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
  80.             binary += String.fromCharCode(bytes[i])
  81.           }
  82.           var XLSX = require('xlsx')
  83.           if (rABS) {
  84.             wb = XLSX.read(btoa(fixdata(binary)), { // 手动转化
  85.               type: 'base64'
  86.             })
  87.           } else {
  88.             wb = XLSX.read(binary, {
  89.               type: 'binary'
  90.             })
  91.           }
  92.           const sheet2JSONOpts = {
  93.             range: 1, // 第一行开始(A2),默认为第0行
  94.             defval: ''// 给defval赋值为空的字符串
  95.           }
  96.           outdata = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(wb.Sheets[wb.SheetNames[0]], sheet2JSONOpts)// outdata就是你想要的东西
  97.           this.outdata = [...outdata]
  98.           let arr = []
  99.           this.outdata.map(v => {
  100.             let obj = {}
  101.             obj.name = v['姓名']
  102.             obj.code = v['编号']
  103.             obj.mobile = v['手机']
  104.             obj.mail = v['邮箱']
  105.             obj.deptNames = v['部门']
  106.             arr.push(obj)
  107.           })
  108.           let para = {
  109.             withList: arr
  110.           }
  111.           _this.$message({
  112.             message: '请耐心等待导入成功',
  113.             type: 'success'
  114.           })
  115.           if (para.withList.length > 100) {
  116.             console.log('导入成员超过100名')
  117.           } else {
  118.             console.log('导入数据长度：' + para.withList.length)
  119.           }
  120.           console.log('导入数据：' + JSON.stringify(para))
  121.           /* 发送请求 */
  122.           // withImport(para).then(res => {
  123.           //   window.location.reload()
  124.           // })
  125.         }
  126.         reader.readAsArrayBuffer(f)
  127.       }
  128.       if (rABS) {
  129.         reader.readAsArrayBuffer(f)
  130.       } else {
  131.         reader.readAsBinaryString(f)
  132.       }
  133.     },
  134.     // 导入结束
  136.     // 导出开始
  137.     outExe () {
  138.       this.$confirm('此操作将导出excel文件, 是否继续?', '提示', {
  139.         confirmButtonText: '确定',
  140.         cancelButtonText: '取消',
  141.         type: 'warning'
  142.       }).then(() => {
  143.         this.excelData = this.dataList // 你要导出的数据list。
  144.         this.export2Excel()
  145.       }).catch(() => {
  147.       })
  148.     },
  149.     export2Excel () {
  150.       var that = this
  151.       require.ensure([], () => {
  152.         // eslint-disable-next-line camelcase
  153.         const { export_json_to_excel } = require('../excel/Export2Excel') // 这里必须使用绝对路径
  154.         const tHeader = ['序号', '姓名', '编号', '手机', '邮箱', '部门', '失败原因'] // 导出的表头名
  155.         const filterVal = ['id', 'name', 'code', 'mobile', 'mail', 'deptNames', 'reasult'] // 导出的表头字段名
  156.         const list = that.excelData
  157.         const data = that.formatJson(filterVal, list)
  158.         console.log('导出数据：\n' + 'tHeader：' + tHeader + '\nxcelData：' + that.excelData)
  159.         export_json_to_excel(tHeader, data, '导入模板')// 导出的表格名称，根据需要自己命名
  160.       })
  161.     },
  162.     formatJson (filterVal, jsonData) {
  163.       return jsonData.map(v => filterVal.map(j => v[j]))
  164.     }
  165.     // 导出结束
  166.   }
  167. }
  168. </script>

5. 注意事项

sheet2JSONOpts是定义导出excel表格时数据的处理方式，详细使用看源码。

  1. export interface Sheet2JSONOpts extends DateNFOption {
  2.     /** 输出格式 */
  3.     header?: "A"|number|string[];
  4.     /** 覆盖工作表范围 */
  5.     range?: any;
  7.     /** 在输出中包含或省略空白行 */
  8.     blankrows?: boolean;
  10.     /** 空值/未定义值的默认值 */
  11.     defval?: any;
  13.     /** 如果为true，则返回原始数据；如果为假，则返回格式化的文本 */
  14.     raw?: boolean;
  16.     /** 如果为true，则返回原始数字；如果为假，则返回格式化的数字 */
  17.     rawNumbers?: boolean;
  18. }

6. 附加两个JS文件源码

Blob.js

  1. /* eslint-disable */
  2. /* Blob.js
  3.  * A Blob implementation.
  4.  * 2014-05-27
  5.  *
  6.  * By Eli Grey, http://eligrey.com
  7.  * By Devin Samarin, https://github.com/eboyjr
  8.  * License: X11/MIT
  9.  *   See LICENSE.md
  10.  */
  12. /*global self, unescape */
  13. /*jslint bitwise: true, regexp: true, confusion: true, es5: true, vars: true, white: true,
  14.  plusplus: true */
  16. /*! @source http://purl.eligrey.com/github/Blob.js/blob/master/Blob.js */
  18. const blob = function (view) {
  19.     "use strict";
  21.     view.URL = view.URL || view.webkitURL;
  23.     if (view.Blob && view.URL) {
  24.         try {
  25.             new Blob;
  26.             return;
  27.         } catch (e) {}
  28.     }
  30.     // Internally we use a BlobBuilder implementation to base Blob off of
  31.     // in order to support older browsers that only have BlobBuilder
  32.     var BlobBuilder = view.BlobBuilder || view.WebKitBlobBuilder || view.MozBlobBuilder || (function(view) {
  33.             var
  34.                 get_class = function(object) {
  35.                     return Object.prototype.toString.call(object).match(/^\[object\s(.*)\]$/)[1];
  36.                 }
  37.                 , FakeBlobBuilder = function BlobBuilder() {
  38.                     this.data = [];
  39.                 }
  40.                 , FakeBlob = function Blob(data, type, encoding) {
  41.                     this.data = data;
  42.                     this.size = data.length;
  43.                     this.type = type;
  44.                     this.encoding = encoding;
  45.                 }
  46.                 , FBB_proto = FakeBlobBuilder.prototype
  47.                 , FB_proto = FakeBlob.prototype
  48.                 , FileReaderSync = view.FileReaderSync
  49.                 , FileException = function(type) {
  50.                     this.code = this[this.name = type];
  51.                 }
  52.                 , file_ex_codes = (
  53.                     "NOT_FOUND_ERR SECURITY_ERR ABORT_ERR NOT_READABLE_ERR ENCODING_ERR "
  54.                     + "NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR INVALID_STATE_ERR SYNTAX_ERR"
  55.                 ).split(" ")
  56.                 , file_ex_code = file_ex_codes.length
  57.                 , real_URL = view.URL || view.webkitURL || view
  58.                 , real_create_object_URL = real_URL.createObjectURL
  59.                 , real_revoke_object_URL = real_URL.revokeObjectURL
  60.                 , URL = real_URL
  61.                 , btoa = view.btoa
  62.                 , atob = view.atob
  64.                 , ArrayBuffer = view.ArrayBuffer
  65.                 , Uint8Array = view.Uint8Array
  66.                 ;
  67.             FakeBlob.fake = FB_proto.fake = true;
  68.             while (file_ex_code--) {
  69.                 FileException.prototype[file_ex_codes[file_ex_code]] = file_ex_code + 1;
  70.             }
  71.             if (!real_URL.createObjectURL) {
  72.                 URL = view.URL = {};
  73.             }
  74.             URL.createObjectURL = function(blob) {
  75.                 var
  76.                     type = blob.type
  77.                     , data_URI_header
  78.                     ;
  79.                 if (type === null) {
  80.                     type = "application/octet-stream";
  81.                 }
  82.                 if (blob instanceof FakeBlob) {
  83.                     data_URI_header = "data:" + type;
  84.                     if (blob.encoding === "base64") {
  85.                         return data_URI_header + ";base64," + blob.data;
  86.                     } else if (blob.encoding === "URI") {
  87.                         return data_URI_header + "," + decodeURIComponent(blob.data);
  88.                     } if (btoa) {
  89.                         return data_URI_header + ";base64," + btoa(blob.data);
  90.                     } else {
  91.                         return data_URI_header + "," + encodeURIComponent(blob.data);
  92.                     }
  93.                 } else if (real_create_object_URL) {
  94.                     return real_create_object_URL.call(real_URL, blob);
  95.                 }
  96.             };
  97.             URL.revokeObjectURL = function(object_URL) {
  98.                 if (object_URL.substring(0, 5) !== "data:" && real_revoke_object_URL) {
  99.                     real_revoke_object_URL.call(real_URL, object_URL);
  100.                 }
  101.             };
  102.             FBB_proto.append = function(data/*, endings*/) {
  103.                 var bb = this.data;
  104.                 // decode data to a binary string
  105.                 if (Uint8Array && (data instanceof ArrayBuffer || data instanceof Uint8Array)) {
  106.                     var
  107.                         str = ""
  108.                         , buf = new Uint8Array(data)
  109.                         , i = 0
  110.                         , buf_len = buf.length
  111.                         ;
  112.                     for (; i < buf_len; i++) {
  113.                         str += String.fromCharCode(buf[i]);
  114.                     }
  115.                     bb.push(str);
  116.                 } else if (get_class(data) === "Blob" || get_class(data) === "File") {
  117.                     if (FileReaderSync) {
  118.                         var fr = new FileReaderSync;
  119.                         bb.push(fr.readAsBinaryString(data));
  120.                     } else {
  121.                         // async FileReader won't work as BlobBuilder is sync
  122.                         throw new FileException("NOT_READABLE_ERR");
  123.                     }
  124.                 } else if (data instanceof FakeBlob) {
  125.                     if (data.encoding === "base64" && atob) {
  126.                         bb.push(atob(data.data));
  127.                     } else if (data.encoding === "URI") {
  128.                         bb.push(decodeURIComponent(data.data));
  129.                     } else if (data.encoding === "raw") {
  130.                         bb.push(data.data);
  131.                     }
  132.                 } else {
  133.                     if (typeof data !== "string") {
  134.                         data += ""; // convert unsupported types to strings
  135.                     }
  136.                     // decode UTF-16 to binary string
  137.                     bb.push(unescape(encodeURIComponent(data)));
  138.                 }
  139.             };
  140.             FBB_proto.getBlob = function(type) {
  141.                 if (!arguments.length) {
  142.                     type = null;
  143.                 }
  144.                 return new FakeBlob(this.data.join(""), type, "raw");
  145.             };
  146.             FBB_proto.toString = function() {
  147.                 return "[object BlobBuilder]";
  148.             };
  149.             FB_proto.slice = function(start, end, type) {
  150.                 var args = arguments.length;
  151.                 if (args < 3) {
  152.                     type = null;
  153.                 }
  154.                 return new FakeBlob(
  155.                     this.data.slice(start, args > 1 ? end : this.data.length)
  156.                     , type
  157.                     , this.encoding
  158.                 );
  159.             };
  160.             FB_proto.toString = function() {
  161.                 return "[object Blob]";
  162.             };
  163.             FB_proto.close = function() {
  164.                 this.size = this.data.length = 0;
  165.             };
  166.             return FakeBlobBuilder;
  167.         }(view));
  169.     view.Blob = function Blob(blobParts, options) {
  170.         var type = options ? (options.type || "") : "";
  171.         var builder = new BlobBuilder();
  172.         if (blobParts) {
  173.             for (var i = 0, len = blobParts.length; i < len; i++) {
  174.                 builder.append(blobParts[i]);
  175.             }
  176.         }
  177.         return builder.getBlob(type);
  178.     };
  179. }
  180. exports.blob = blob;

Export2Excel.js

  1. /* eslint-disable */
  2. require('script-loader!file-saver');
  3. // require('script-loader!./Blob');
  4. const {blob} = require('./Blob')
  5. require('script-loader!xlsx/dist/xlsx.core.min');
  6. function generateArray(table) {
  7.     var out = [];
  8.     var rows = table.querySelectorAll('tr');
  9.     var ranges = [];
  10.     for (var R = 0; R < rows.length; ++R) {
  11.         var outRow = [];
  12.         var row = rows[R];
  13.         var columns = row.querySelectorAll('td');
  14.         for (var C = 0; C < columns.length; ++C) {
  15.             var cell = columns[C];
  16.             var colspan = cell.getAttribute('colspan');
  17.             var rowspan = cell.getAttribute('rowspan');
  18.             var cellValue = cell.innerText;
  19.             if (cellValue !== "" && cellValue == +cellValue) cellValue = +cellValue;
  21.             //Skip ranges
  22.             ranges.forEach(function (range) {
  23.                 if (R >= range.s.r && R <= range.e.r && outRow.length >= range.s.c && outRow.length <= range.e.c) {
  24.                     for (var i = 0; i <= range.e.c - range.s.c; ++i) outRow.push(null);
  25.                 }
  26.             });
  28.             //Handle Row Span
  29.             if (rowspan || colspan) {
  30.                 rowspan = rowspan || 1;
  31.                 colspan = colspan || 1;
  32.                 ranges.push({s: {r: R, c: outRow.length}, e: {r: R + rowspan - 1, c: outRow.length + colspan - 1}});
  33.             }
  34.             ;
  36.             //Handle Value
  37.             outRow.push(cellValue !== "" ? cellValue : null);
  39.             //Handle Colspan
  40.             if (colspan) for (var k = 0; k < colspan - 1; ++k) outRow.push(null);
  41.         }
  42.         out.push(outRow);
  43.     }
  44.     return [out, ranges];
  45. };
  47. function datenum(v, date1904) {
  48.     if (date1904) v += 1462;
  49.     var epoch = Date.parse(v);
  50.     return (epoch - new Date(Date.UTC(1899, 11, 30))) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
  51. }
  53. function sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data, opts) {
  54.     var ws = {};
  55.     var range = {s: {c: 10000000, r: 10000000}, e: {c: 0, r: 0}};
  56.     for (var R = 0; R != data.length; ++R) {
  57.         for (var C = 0; C != data[R].length; ++C) {
  58.             if (range.s.r > R) range.s.r = R;
  59.             if (range.s.c > C) range.s.c = C;
  60.             if (range.e.r < R) range.e.r = R;
  61.             if (range.e.c < C) range.e.c = C;
  62.             var cell = {v: data[R][C]};
  63.             if (cell.v == null) continue;
  64.             var cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell({c: C, r: R});
  66.             if (typeof cell.v === 'number') cell.t = 'n';
  67.             else if (typeof cell.v === 'boolean') cell.t = 'b';
  68.             else if (cell.v instanceof Date) {
  69.                 cell.t = 'n';
  70.                 cell.z = XLSX.SSF._table[14];
  71.                 cell.v = datenum(cell.v);
  72.             }
  73.             else cell.t = 's';
  75.             ws[cell_ref] = cell;
  76.         }
  77.     }
  78.     if (range.s.c < 10000000) ws['!ref'] = XLSX.utils.encode_range(range);
  79.     return ws;
  80. }
  82. function Workbook() {
  83.     if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook();
  84.     this.SheetNames = [];
  85.     this.Sheets = {};
  86. }
  88. function s2ab(s) {
  89.     var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length);
  90.     var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
  91.     for (var i = 0; i != s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF;
  92.     return buf;
  93. }
  95. export function export_table_to_excel(id) {
  96.     var theTable = document.getElementById(id);
  97.     console.log('a')
  98.     var oo = generateArray(theTable);
  99.     var ranges = oo[1];
  101.     /* original data */
  102.     var data = oo[0];
  103.     var ws_name = "SheetJS";
  104.     console.log(data);
  106.     var wb = new Workbook(), ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
  108.     /* add ranges to worksheet */
  109.     // ws['!cols'] = ['apple', 'banan'];
  110.     ws['!merges'] = ranges;
  112.     /* add worksheet to workbook */
  113.     wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
  114.     wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
  116.     var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', bookSST: false, type: 'binary'});
  118.     saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {type: "application/octet-stream"}), "test.xlsx")
  119. }
  121. function formatJson(jsonData) {
  122.     console.log(jsonData)
  123. }
  124. export function export_json_to_excel(th, jsonData, defaultTitle) {
  126.     /* original data */
  128.     var data = jsonData;
  129.     data.unshift(th);
  130.     var ws_name = "SheetJS";
  132.     var wb = new Workbook(), ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
  135.     /* add worksheet to workbook */
  136.     wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
  137.     wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
  139.     var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {bookType: 'xlsx', bookSST: false, type: 'binary'});
  140.     var title = defaultTitle || '列表'
  141.     saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {type: "application/octet-stream"}), title + ".xlsx")
  142. }

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/bugSource/p/14582788.html

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